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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">versus</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Versus</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Versus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3679</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт экономической политики имени Е.Т. Гайдара</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58186/2782-3660-2022-2-4-74-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">versus-51</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>УРОКИ ЕСТЕСТВЕННОЙ ИСТОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LESSONS IN NATURAL HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хрупкий ландшафт. Жертвоприношение русской земли</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fragile Landscape. Sacrifice of the Russian land</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каприольо</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Caprioglio</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надя Каприольо</p><p>Турин</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadia Caprioglio</p><p>Turin</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadia.caprioglio@unito.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Туринский университет (UNITO)</institution><country>Италия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Università degli Studi di Torino (UNITO)</institution><country>Italy</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каприольо Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каприольо Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Caprioglio N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://versus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/51">https://versus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/51</self-uri><abstract><p>   В статье на примере двух произведений: «Прощание с Матёрой» Валентина Распутина (1976) и «Зона затопления» Романа Сенчина (2015) — анализируется проблема отчуждения человека от природной среды, вызванного коммодификацией природы, и реакция литературы — как при советском режиме, так и в современной России — на дискурс экологической критики, защиты природы, свободы человека и достоинства живых существ. Два романа, написанные с разницей в сорок лет, объединяет общая тема: для строительства гидроэлектростанции меняется русло реки, обширные территории подвергаются затоплению, а жители сибирской деревни сталкиваются с необходимостью покинуть свое жилье. В свете этого сходства, в статье с позиции экокритики исследуется, как в советской и современной российской литературе конфликт между природой и культурой может быть представлен через мотив столкновения старого и нового мира, цивилизации и дикой природы, городской и природной среды. В частности, два романа содержат четыре объединяющие их линии: мифография покинутого Эдема; изображение мира, в котором нельзя спастись от экологических катастроф; угроза угнетения гегемоном, который представлен как государством, так и могущественными корпорациями, жертвой которых становятся местные сообщества; «готизация» окружающей среды. «Зона затопления» критикует систему, которая отказывается принимать во внимание инновации в области технологий, достигнутые более чем за полвека, и может рассматриваться как своего рода ремейк «Прощания с Матёрой». В то же время роман Сенчина проливает свет на то, как экологические проблемы способствовали распаду Советского Союза, показывает, что старые политические модели демонстрируют свою несостоятельность в новую эпоху, и позволяет увидеть природу не как способ ухода от политики, но как потенциальную форму гражданской активности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   This essay analyses the individual’s alienation from the natural environment prompted by the commodification of nature. The analysis focuses on the novels “Proshchanie s Matyoroi” (Farewell to Matyora, 1976) by Valentin Rasputin and “Zona zatopleniya” (Flood Zone, 2015) by Roman Senchin and demonstrates how literature, both in the Soviet Union and in contemporary Russia, deals with the critical discourse on environmental issues, the protection of nature, human freedom, and the dignity of living beings. The two novels, written forty years apart, share the same subject: to build a hydroelectric power plant, a river is diverted from its path, vast territories are flooded, and the inhabitants of a Siberian village are be forced away from their homes. In the light of this affinity, this essay explores an eco-critical view as to how the conflict between nature and culture in Soviet and in present-day Russia can be represented through the motives of the clash between the old and the new world, civilization and wild nature, the urban and the natural environment. In particular, the two novels are linked by four cultural criteria: the mythography of a betrayed Eden, the representation of a world that offers no refuge from ecological disasters, the threat of a hegemonic oppression conducted either by the State or by powerful corporations at the expense of the local communities, and the ‘gothicization’ of the environment. Zona zatopleniyia can be read as a remake of Proshchanie s Materoi insofar as it denounces a system in which the technological innovations achieved in over half a century do not seem to be considered. At the same time, however, Senchin’s novel, starting from the end of the Soviet Union, highlights the environmental problems that have contributed to the end of the régime and suggests that old political models are no longer tenable in the new era. This starting point plays an important role for it defines nature no longer as a shelter from politics, but as a potential form of civil activity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>русская литература</kwd><kwd>экокритика</kwd><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>Валентин Распутин</kwd><kwd>Роман Сенчин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russian literature</kwd><kwd>ecocriticism</kwd><kwd>water</kwd><kwd>Valentin Rasputin</kwd><kwd>Roman Senchin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астафьев В. Кража / В. Астафьев // Собр. соч. : В 15 т. : Т. 2– Красноярск: ПИК «Офсет», 1991–1997.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astafyev V. Krazha [Theft]. Sobr. soch.: V 15 t. 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