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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">versus</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Versus</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Versus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3660</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3679</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт экономической политики имени Е.Т. Гайдара</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">versus-4</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОТ РЕДАКЦИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Человек и Другой. Дистанция</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Man and the Other. Distance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ямпольский</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iampolski</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нью-Йорк</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>New York</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mi1@nyu.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Колледж искусств и наук (CAS), Нью-Йоркский университет (NYU)</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>New York University (NYU)</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ямпольский М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ямпольский М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iampolski M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://versus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4">https://versus.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4</self-uri><abstract><p>Антропология в современном ее понимании изобретена Кантом в его докритический период. Однако сама кантовская «Антропология с прагматической точки зрения» была издана уже в самом конце жизни философа. Мишель Фуко показал возможность интерпретации этого труда как синтеза трансцендентализма и эмпирии, которая искажает всеобщие принципы трансцендентального разума или права. Именно такое искажение универсального в реальности человека, по Канту, позволяет существовать страсти, счастью и свободе. Это разделение эмпирического и трансцендентального в человеке привело к его удвоению, появлению субъекта Я наряду с объектом Я, которые Кант считал аналогонами. Отсюда идет европейская традиция вводить в состав человека Другого, в котором Я отражается как в alter ego. Это удвоение вводит в человека дистанцию, которая в дальнейшем постоянно возрастает. Антропология Канта превращается в этнографию, в которой вместо зеркального alter ego (Другого) появляется Чужой – представитель иных культур. Появление фигуры Чужого как будто позволяет выйти за рамки удвоений и аналогонов и ведет к тому, что Мерло-Понти называл «побочным универсализмом». Отношения удвоения уступают место отношениям различия, инаковости, предполагающим еще большее возрастание дистанции по отношению к той фигуре Чужого, которая формирует идею европейской идентичности. Клиффорд Гирц увидел это соскальзывание в инаковость в переводе дискурса (устного) в текст (письменный), а Пол Рабиноу предложил искать решение этому соскальзыванию в антропологической полифонии. Становление чужести и инаковости сопровождалось идеей дистанцирования чужих культур во времени. Но все эти подходы и идеи стали возможными только в рамках глобализации сознания и установления принципов общего времени и пространства. Парадокс антропологического дистанцирования, затронувший большинство локальных и неевропейских культур, оказывается продуктом расширения поля связей и отношений, составляющих новую сложность фрагментированной всеобщности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Anthropology in its modern understanding was invented by Kant in his pre-critical period. However, Kant’s Anthropology from a pragmatic point of view was published at the very end of his life. Michel Foucault showed the possibility of interpreting this work as a synthesis of transcendentalism and empiricism, which distorts the universal principles of transcendental reason or law. It is precisely such a distortion of the universal human in reality, according to Kant, that allows passion, happiness, and freedom to exist. This separation of the empirical and transcendental in man led to its doubling and the emergence of the subject I along with the object I, which Kant considered analogs. This is the origin of the European tradition introducing the Other into the composition of man, in which the Self is reflected as in the alter ego. This doubling introduces distance into a human being, which is constantly increasing in the future. Kant’s anthropology turns into ethnography where instead of the mirror alter ego (the Other), the Foreigner appears who is a representative of other cultures. The appearance of the Foreigner figure seems to allow one to go beyond the borders of doubling and analogs. It leads to what Merleau-Ponty referred to as “secondary universalism”. Doubling relations gives way to relations of difference, otherness, implying an even greater increase in the distance in regard to the Foreigner, which forms the idea of European identity. Clifford Geertz saw this slide into otherness in the translation of discourse (oral) into text (written), and Paul Rabinow suggested searching for a solution to this slide in anthropological polyphony. The development of foreignness and otherness was accompanied by the idea of distancing foreign culture over time. However, all these approaches and ideas became possible only within the framework of globalization of consciousness and the establishment of common time and space principles. The paradox of anthropological distancing, which has affected the majority of local and non-European cultures, turns out to be a product of expanding the field of connections and relationships that constitute the new complexity of fragmented universality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Мишель Фуко</kwd><kwd>Иммануил Кант</kwd><kwd>философская антропология</kwd><kwd>другой</kwd><kwd>чужой</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Michel Foucault</kwd><kwd>Immanuel Kant</kwd><kwd>philosophical anthropology</kwd><kwd>the Other</kwd><kwd>alien</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гирц К. Интерпретация культур. М.: РОССПЭН, 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benoist J.-M. Facettes de L’identite. 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